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SLUR

A condition caused by slippage at the moment of impression between the substrate and plate. Slur is characterised by the smearing of the trailing edges of a printed image or

STREAKS

Unwanted ink trans­fer onto substrate, ink metering system out of adjustment or dam­aged. Causes: – Undissolved ink particles; – Ink thrown off or dripping from anilox roll; – Emulsification/water streaks;

FOAMING

Excessive foam present in the printing unit, tray or ink pump unit. Causes: Incorrect solvent balance; Incorrect pH or viscosity; A one to one roller ratio at speed; Ink pump

FEATHERING

Irregular edges around a print, often undesirable marks made on the image’s trailing edges, generally caused by an excessive build-up of ink. Causes: – Incorrect pressure set up in printing

SMEARING/TRACKING

A print defect where an unwanted image appears, often as a dark line in a light or solid print area. Tracking occurs when two print stations, which are often next

FILLING IN

Accumulation of excess ink on and around the plate surface, especially in regard to small type and halftones. Causes: – Specks of pigment or foreign matter; – Type, design or

PIN HOLING

When printed ink fails to form a complete continuous coverage, evident by the random formation of small holes in the printed area. Causes: – Ink dries on anilox and fails

PICKING

The lifting of any portion of the surface of the substrate or a previously printed colour during the printing impression. Causes: – Ink drying too slow; – Excessive plate to

CURING UV

UV ink fails to cure in the correct place on the press. As UV inks and coatings are exposed to ultraviolet light: Causes: – Direct exposure to sunlight or to

MOIRÉ

Undesirable interference pattern in process printing. Causes: – Improper screen angles; – Anilox screen count too similar to plate screen count. Solutions:  – Screen angles of each colour should be

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VALUES

Social and ethical implications of running a business

ASSOCIATIONISM

Economic support for the knowledge and protection of mountains. www.scicaixxxottobre.it

CULTURE

Creating business is creating culture. Considering how the knowledge of the Emilian territory is indivisible from that of its manufacturing, industrial, and productive activities, it

DISABILITIES

Periodic financial support for the transportation of disabled people, the elderly, and people in wheelchairs. www.avia-asia.it

DISEASE

Giugni Gian Carlo (mourned president of Giugni Srl) awards the winning team of the football tournament organized by Giugni Srl for the fundraising against leukaemia.

TECHNIQUE

Need-to-know facts for printing professionals

ADHESION

Print can be removed by scratching the surface. Print fails adhesion tape, rub or wrinkle tests. Causes: – Wrong ink used for substrate; – Ink

BLOCKING

An undesired adhesion between touching layers of material caused by moderate pressure and/or temperature change. The extent to which damage to at least one surface

BRITTLENESS

Ink film cracks or breaks on substrate when flexed. Causes:  – Excessive heat or UV exposure level in drying/curing system causing a moisture and plasticizer

CREASING

Creases form in substrate. Causes:  -Baggy substrate; – Web guide not operating or properly set; – Press out of alignment; – Foreign matter on press